1924 Oregon coast canned salmon pack - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1925)
Statistical table gives company name, cannery location and data for Chinook and coho salmon. In 1924, there were good salmon runs in Oregon. The Siletz Bay Packing Company was purchased by the Burke Fish Company.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; Bay City (Or.); canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries; Coquille River estuary; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Rogue River estuary; Siletz Bay; Taft (Or.); Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Waldport (Or.)

1924 Pacific coast canned shad pack - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1925)
Statistical table gives company name, location of company headquarters and fish types canned. In 1925, the Arthur Anderson Packing Company of Reedsport canned 831 cases of shad.
Keywords: canneries; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Shad = Alosa sapidissima; Umpqua River

Anderson packing silvers - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1925)
Brief news item. “The Arthur Anderson Packing company is putting up a large pack of Silvers this fall at its canneries at Astoria and Reedsport, Ore.” Lists the cannery tenders that were picking up troll-caught salmon along the entire Oregon coast. The business expanded over the previous year.
Keywords: canneries; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries – salmon; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River estuary

Diamond Lake (E. E. Wilson Photographic Collection, ca. 1855-1960 (P 101), 1925)
Diamond Lake with Mount Thielsen in the background. Oregon Digital ID: P101:0999
Keywords: Diamond Lake; historical; photograph

The salmon fisheries of Oregon - Shoemaker, Carl D. (Pacific Fisherman, 1925)
This is a brief overview of Oregon salmon fisheries by the General Manager of the Oregon State Fish Commission. One of the more interesting aspects of this account is the author’s comments on the citizenship requirement for getting a fishing license. The citizen requirement had been passed during a period of xenophobic alarms about foreigners taking “our fish.”
Keywords: commercial fisheries – salmon; general; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; natural resource management; Oregon; Pacific salmon = Oncorhynchus spp.; recreational fisheries – salmon

Water resources of the state of Oregon: summary of available information 1914-1924 : Umpqua, Coquille - Oregon. State Engineer,; U.S. Geological Survey, (Bulletin / Oregon State Engineer, 1925)
Keywords: Ash; Diamond Lake; Elkton; Glide; hydrography; hydrology; Lake Creek; Mill Creek; North Umpqua River; Oak Creek; Powers; South Fork Coquille River; streamflow; Toketee Falls; Umpqua River; Umpqua River Basin; water use

1923 Oregon coast canned salmon pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1924)
Statistical table gives company name, cannery location and data for Chinook and coho salmon. In 1923, the Pacific Coast canned salmon industry had its best season since 1919. Canning operations re-started in several locations where they had stopped due to low prices, including Waldport and Reedsport..
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries; Coquille River estuary; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Rogue River estuary; Siletz Bay; Taft (Or.); Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Waldport (Or.)

Silver run at Reedsport - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1924)
Brief news item. “A good run of Silver salmon is reported at Reedsport, Ore., where the fish are being bought at 4c per lb. plus ½c state tax.”
Keywords: canneries; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River

Successful season at Reedsport - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1924)
Longer news item with two bw photographs celebrating the success of the Arthur Anderson Packing Company cannery in Reedsport. “The Silversides average over 14 lbs. each in weight, and single boats this season have taken as high as 7,500 lbs. in a day.”
Keywords: canneries; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River

Will handle Umpqua salmon - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1924)
Brief news item. “P.E. Harris & Co. have been appointed exclusive agents for the Arthur Anderson Pacing company, operating on the Umpqua River, Oregon, and specializing on fancy ocean-caught Cohoes. A pack of about 8,000 cases was made last year, but preparations are being made for 20,000 to 40,000 cases this year.”
Keywords: canneries; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Umpqua River

1922 Oregon coast canned salmon pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1923)
Statistical table. Market conditions improved in 1922, and a few Oregon coast canneries re-opened. Canneries operated in the Nehalem, Tillamook, Siletz, Coquille and Rogue estuaries. Other canneries remained closed in the Tillamook, Nestucca, Nehalem, Siletz, Siuslaw and Umpqua estuaries. The Reedsport Packing Company became the Pacific Fish & Cold Storage Co., and operated cold storage but did not can salmon. The Siletz cannery operated by F.W. Gertulla under his name was still run by him, but changed its name to the Siletz Bay Packing Co.
Keywords: canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries; Coquille River estuary; industrial development; Nehalem Bay; Rogue River estuary; Siletz Bay; Taft (Or.); Tillamook Bay

J. R. Dailey Farm, Smith River - Kable, George Wallace (Extension and Experiment Station Communications Photograph Collection (P 120), 1923)
Oregon Digital ID: P120:1288
Keywords: historical; photograph; Smith River

John Work’s journey from Fort Vancouver to Umpqua River and return in 1834 - Work, John (The Quarterly of the Oregon Historical Society, 1923)
“Introduction and Comments by Leslie M. Scott.” This article presents Hudson’s Bay trader John Work’s journal of a trip in 1834 from Fort Vancouver to the conjunction of Calapooya Creek and the Umpqua River. There are brief descriptions of the Umpqua, and more extensive descriptions of the Willamette Valley. Work gives a rare, if brief, depiction of the Siuslaw River in 1934, “The river at the foot of the mountain falls into the sea. . . There are also a few places marshy but all the rest of the way the soil appears very rich & clothed with a more luxuriant crop of herbage than we have met with since leaving the fort. . . The ground appears highly susceptible of cultivation & would be superior pasture land, the low ground for cattle, the bare or partially wooded hills for sheep. The plain on the end of which we are camped is of considerable extent & has a pretty large swamp in the middle of it. . . ” (p.252)
Keywords: Calapooya Creek; Elk Creek; Fort Umpqua; general ecosystem description; historical; Long Tom River; Luckiamute River; Mary’s River; Native Americans; Siuslaw River; Tualatin River; Umpqua River; Willamette River; Yamhill River

Rapids on the Smith River (Extension and Experiment Station Communications Photograph Collection (P 120), 1923)
Archival photograph.
Keywords: historical; photograph; Smith River

Receivership ended - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1923)
Brief news item. The Pacific Fish & Cold Storage Co. of Reedsport pulled itself out of debt. “The company has been handling considerable Silver salmon during the winter run.”
Keywords: canneries; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River estuary

Reedsport as a fish center - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1923)
Brief news article. “Arrangements have been made to establish Reedsport, Ore., at the mouth of the Umpqua River, as the center for the fish business in this part of the coast. The power boat Phoenix has been put on a run to pick up fish from the small streams within 100 miles on which there are no fish canneries. Ice is to be carried to keep the fish in good condition, and it is proposed to make two trips a week, going as far north as the Alsea Bay…”
Keywords: canneries; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River

View on the Smith River - Kable, George Wallace (Extension and Experiment Station Communications Photograph Collection (P 120), 1923)
OSU Archives ref #: P120:1624
Keywords: history; photograph; Smith River

Will sell Elmore properties - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1923)
Brief news item. “In consequence of the retirement of the Elmore interests from the salmon industry, as announced some time ago, the various Elmore cannery properties are being offered for sale.” Canneries, buildings, docks and so forth are mentioned.
Keywords: Aberdeen (Wa.); canneries; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Nehalem Bay; Nestucca Bay; Reedsport (Or.); Siletz Bay; Umpqua River

1921 - Oregon Coast Canned Salmon Pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1922)
The only canneries to operate on the Oregon coast in 1921 were F.W. Gertulla’s cannery on the Siletz, and a cannery on the Rogue at Wedderburn. This table can be read in Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea River, canneries, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, commercial fisheries - salmon,; Coos Bay, Coquille River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, Rogue River,; Siletz River, Siuslaw River, statistics, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River, Yaquina River

History of Oregon - Carey, Charles Henry (Pioneer Historical Publishing Company, 1922)
A classic general reference. The Umpqua River Basin was explored by Northwest Company trappers, but the earliest extended reference to the Basin is a description of the 1828 massacre of members of Jedediah Smith's exploration party. There are numerous references to the Umpqua River and its people. Well indexed.
Keywords: commercial fisheries - salmon; demographics; general; history; industrial development

Oregon Coast Salmon Season - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1922)
Brief news article reporting on the spring salmon run on several southern Oregon rivers.
Keywords: commercial fisheries – salmon; Rogue River; Siuslaw River; Umpqua River

Review of Pacific coast canning season of 1921 - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1922)
In 1921, the Pacific Coast canned salmon industry collapsed. Lower postwar demand, depressed salmon runs, abundant supply from the previous year and costs of outfitting canneries caused many canneries to close. “The total output was considerably less than half that of the record season of four years before, and much the smallest since 1910” (p.35). Only two canneries operated on the Oregon Coast. This article can be read in Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea River, canneries, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, commercial fisheries - salmon,; Coos Bay, Coquille River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River, Rogue River; Siletz River, Siuslaw River, statistics, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River, Yaquina River

Shellfish resources of the Northwest coast of the United States - Edmondson, Charles H. (Annual report of the Commissioner of Fisheries to the Secretary of Commerce for the fiscal year ended ..., 1922)
Appendix III to the Report of the U.S. Commissioner of Fisheries for 1922. Bureau of Fisheries Document no.920. In Google Books. Bw photographs. Summarizes known distribution of edible mollusks on the Oregon and SW Washington coasts with an eye to potential for commercial development of the fisheries. Cites bad roads as a major hindrance. Nice descriptions of localities. "The chief means of reaching Winchester Bay is by motor boat from points farther up the river. Due to the isolation of the district and the inconvenient means of communication little value may be attached to this shellfish source."
Keywords: Alsea Bay; bibvalves; blue mussel = Mytilus edulis; Butter clam = Saxidomus giganteus; California mussel = Mytilus californianus; Cockle clam = Clinocardium nuttallii (Cardium corbis); commercial fisheries - shellfish; Coos Bay; Coquille River estuary; Gaper clam = Tresus capax (Schizothaerus nuttalli); introduced species; Littleneck clam = Leukoma staminea (Paphya staminea); molluscs; Nestucca Bay; Netarts Bay; Olympia oyster = Ostrea lurida; Pacific razor clam = Siliqua patula; Piddock siphon = Pholadidea penita; recreational fisheries - shellfish; Siletz Bay; Siuslaw River estuary; Softshell clam = Mya arenaria; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Winchester Bay; Yaquina Bay

Umpqua Fishery Developments - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1922)
Brief news article. “Several fish companies operating on the Umpqua River, Oregon, look for a better season than last year.” Mentioned are the Umpqua Fish Storage & Supply company, the Reedsport Fish company, Pacific Fish & Cold Storage, and the Gardiner Fish company.
Keywords: canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; industrial development; Umpqua River

Umpqua River Bar and Entrance, Oregon: Hearings on the Subject of the Improvement of Umpqua River Bar and Entrance, Oregon, Held before the Committee on Rivers and Harbors, House of Representatives, Sixty-seventh Congress, Second Session - U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on Rivers and Harbors, (U.S. G. P. O.., 1922)
Keywords: harbor; jetties; navigation; physical modification; Umpqua River

1920 Pacific Coast Canned Shad Pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1921, 1921)
Table gives statistics for canned shad on the Pacific Coast, including the F.E. Booth Co. of Reedsport.
Keywords: canneries; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Shad = Alosa sapidissima. Umpqua River

Biennial Report - Fish Commission of the State of Oregon - Oregon. Fish Commission (Fish Commission of the State of Oregon, 1921)
Statewide hatchery information. Arrests for commercial fishing violations by county. The series ran from 1921-1959. Years 1921, 1923, 1925, and 1935 are not included in the online file.
Keywords: commercial fisheries - salmon; depleted populations; economics; general; hatchery salmonids; natural resource management; shellfish

Pacific salmon fisheries (3rd ed.) - Cobb, John N. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1921)
The annual report in which this article is published covers July 1, 1920 to June 30, 1921. Some good canned salmon pack statistics from the 1880s to 1919. Includes b+w photographs of hatcheries, canneries, etc.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; hatcheries; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Sixes River; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

1919 Oregon coast canned salmon pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1920)
Gives company name, cannery location and statistics for the canned salmon pack for 1919 for each cannery. In 1919, the Reedsport Fish Co. bought out the Umpqua Packaging Co. plant. There were new canneries at Gold Beach. This report can be viewed in Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coquille River; industrial development; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River

Biennial Report of the Game Commission of the State of Oregon to the Governor and the ... Legislative Assembly - Oregon. State Game Commission. Fishery Division, (1920)
The Game Commission had an early hatchery at Marshfield. This series ran from 1920-1948. Issues are available online at Scholars Archive, the OSU Libraries' digital repository, https://tinyurl.com/tvnu4bkw .
Keywords: catch statistics; coho salmon=Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries-salmon; fishes; general; Pacific salmonids=Oncorhynchus species; recreational fisheries-salmon

Can shad on the Umpqua - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1920)
Brief news item noting that the fishing season on the Umpqua started on May 16 for salmon and shad. “The Reedsport Fish Company is canning shad and shad roe, having made preparation for a large pack.”
Keywords: canneries; commercial fisheries; industrial development; Shad = Alosa sapidissima; Umpqua River

Coast canneries close - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1920)
News item. “Owing to the slump in the market for low-grade salmon, it is expected that few of the canneries along the Oregon and Washington coasts that rely on the fall run will operate this season.” Representatives of three large canneries are quoted discussing their options.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coquille River; industrial development; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River

Shipbuilding in the Pacific Northwest - Goodwin, Helen Durrie (Washington Historical Quarterly, 1920)
Includes a list, "Chronological Table of the Chief Coast-Built Vessels1788-1895." Here we learn, for example, that the schooner "Umpqua" was built in Coos Bay as early as 1856. Contains a valuable bibliography of early sources on this topic.
Keywords: Astoria; Bandon; bibliography; Coos Bay; history; North Bend; Umpqua; Yaquina Bay

1918 - Oregon Coast canned salmon pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1919)
Gives 1918 canned salmon pack statistics for Oregon coast rivers and bays. There was one new cannery operating in 1918, run by F.W. Gertulla on the Siletz. In Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea River, canneries, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, commercial fisheries - salmon, Coos Bay, Coquille River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River,; Siletz River, Siuslaw River, statistics, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River,

Reedsport Fish Co. buys cannery - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1919)
Brief news item. The Reedsport Fish Co., which in 1918 bought the salmon cannery of the Umpqua River Co-operative Packing Company, purchased the Umpqua Packing Company’s plant in Reedsport in 1919. “The acquisition of this plant practically doubles the facilities of the Reedsport Fish Company, which last season built up an important business in fresh fish and canned sardines, and has made arrangements for considerable expansion in the latter department this year.’
Keywords: California sardine = Sardinops sagax; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River

Umpqua River, Bar and Entrance, Oregon : Hearings before the United States House Committee on Rivers and Harbors, Sixty-Sixth Congress, Second Session, on Dec. 18, 1919 - U.S. House of Representatives. Committee on Rivers and Harbors, (U.S. G.P.O., 1919)
This Congressional hearing paints an interesting picture of shipping timber on the Oregon Coast just after the end of the Great War. Timber prices were high enough to make shipping by rail economical, and shipping by sea and port activity was suffering. Citizens hoping for development of the Umpqua North Jetty had funded a bond issue, but needed more government support to finish the jetty. The document includes an appendix giving shipping statistics on the Umpqua in 1919.
Keywords: Gardiner (Or.) Reedsport (Or.) economics; harbor; jetties; logging; navigation; physical modification; Umpqua River

1917 - Oregon Coast canned salmon pack - 1917 - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1918)
Gives 1917 canned salmon pack statistics for Oregon coast rivers and bays. The Yaquina cannery was consolidated with a Waldport cannery, and ceased operation. Canneries at Empire City (Coos Bay), Florence (Siuslaw) and Gardiner (Umpqua), did not operate in 1917, although canneries in Florence and Reedsport did. In Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea River, canneries, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, Chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, commercial fisheries - salmon,; Coos Bay, Coquille River, Nehalem River, Nestucca River,; Siletz River, Siuslaw River, statistics, Tillamook Bay, Umpqua River, Yaquina River

Biennial Report of the Fish and Game Commission of the State of Oregon to the Governor and the ... Legislative Assembly. - Oregon. State Board of Fish and Game Commissioners, (1918)
Report year ends Nov. 30. Gives number of spring Chinook liberated in the Umpqua.
Keywords: commercial fisheries; hatchery salmonids; natural resource management; Oncorhynchus spp.; recreational fisheries

Hatchery for lower Umpqua - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1918)
Brief news item. “Fishermen of the lower Umpqua district of Oregon are preparing to build and maintain a salmon hatchery on a site recently selected by Master Fish Warden R. E. Clanton. Funds will be provided by an assessment on the fish taken from the river, but the hatchery on completion will be placed under state supervision.”
Keywords: hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Umpqua River

Reedsport co. buys Umpqua cannery - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1918)
“The Reedsport Fish Company, Inc. of Reedsport, Ore., whose business has been mostly in fresh salmon, has just purchased the cannery and cold storage plant and 20 power boats of the Umpqua Co-Operative Packing company, at Garibaldi, Ore., which is one of the largest and most complete salmon canning plants in this part of Oregon…”
Keywords: commercial fisheries – salmon; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River

Umpqua River, bar and entrance, Oreg. Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter from the Chief of Engineers, reports on preliminary examination and survey of Umpqua River, bar and entrance, Oreg. - U.S. House of Representatives, (House Document, 1918)
War had a way of changing Federal perspectives on harbor development. In the case of the Umpqua harbor, it helped that the local population had raised money to start the north jetty. Gives history of previous development and surveys. Recommends building north jetty and seeing if a south jetty is really necessary. "There is nearly 60,000,000,000 feet of standing merchantable timber in Douglas County, this being one of the heaviest timbered counties in the United States, and in Oregon second only to Lane County, to the north." (p.9) In Google Books.
Keywords: harbor; jetties; navigation; physical modification; shipping; Umpqua River

Umpqua season question settled - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1918)
Brief news item. “The time for starting the fall season on the Umpqua River, Oregon, was fixed at Aug. 25, at a meeting of Henry O’Malley, of the U.S. Bureau of Fisheries, R. E. Clanton, Oregon Master Fish Warden, and the fishermen on Auig. 5. The spring prices remained in effect until the date mentioned, after which the fall prices as announced previously by the Food Administration took effect.”
Keywords: commercial fisheries – salmon; economics; Umpqua River

Umpqua Valley - Lawrence, William (Herbarium Photographs, 1904-1963 (P 093), 1918)
"Umpqua Valley looking southeast showing prune orchard, and corn field to the right of the river. On the north side may be seen the extent of a stream as shown by the line of firs bordered by a zone of oaks."; Near Kellogg, Oregon, July 27, 1918
Keywords: photograph; Umpqua River Basin

Cold storage plant on Umpqua - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1917)
Brief news item about the Reedsport Fresh Fish Company’s new cold storage plant.
Keywords: commercial fisheries – salmon; industrial development; Reedsport (Or.); Umpqua River; Umpqua River estuary

New companies for Umpqua River - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1916)
This is a brief news announcement. “Two companies have recently been incorporated to fish for salmon on an extensive scale and ship them from the Umpqua River after the Willamette-Pacific railway is completed and in operation. . . It is the intention of both companies to ship salmon to outside points to in carload lots and to erect cold storage plants in Gardiner and Reedsport. They will also ship crabs, clams and other sea fish.” The companies were the Umpqua Fishing, Storage & Supply and the Reedsport Fishing, Storage & Supply. Gives names of partners and start-up funding.
Keywords: commerce; commercial fisheries – salmon; Gardiner (Or.); industrial development; Pacific salmonids=Oncorhynchus spp.; Reedsport (Or.); transportation; Umpqua River; Umpqua River estuary

Pacific salmon fisheries (2nd ed.) - Cobb, John N. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1916)
"Appendix III to the report of U.S. Commissioner of Fisheries for 1916." The annual report in which this article is published covers July 1, 1915 to June 30, 1916. Some good canned salmon pack statistics from the 1880s to 1915. Includes b+w photographs of hatcheries, canneries, etc. In Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; hatcheries; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Sixes River; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Mild cured salmon review - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1915)
From the Yearbook issue. Summarizes Chinook salmon pack for some Oregon canneries in 1914.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; economics; Gardiner (Or.); Siuslaw River; statistics; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Waldport (Or.)

Profile surveys in 1914 in Umpqua River Basin, Oregon, prepared under the direction of R.B. Marshall, chief geographer; prepared in cooperation with the state of Oregon, John H. Lewis, state engineer - Marshall, R. B. (Water-Supply Paper (Washington, D.C.), 1915)
Detailed maps "show not only the outlines of the river banks, the islands, positions of rapids, falls, shoals, and existing dams, and the crossings of all ferries and roads, but the contours of banks to an elevation high enough to indicate the possibility of using the stream." (from the Introduction) Nice scale. A valuable resource.
Keywords: maps; North Umpqua River; South Umpqua River; Umpqua River Basin

Salmon fishing in Oregon streams - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1915)
A brief note about the fall fishing season in Oregon. “At Gardiner on the Umpqua River both canneries are now in operation. The run of Chinooks, which was light, is over, and Silversides are now running. The run of the latter was some two weeks late in starting.”
Keywords: Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries – salmonids; Coos Bay; Gardiner (Or.); Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River

Salmon hatching statistics - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1915)
From the Yearbook issue. Gives salmon eggs taken by coastal Oregon hatcheries in 1914.
Keywords: Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Siuslaw River; sockeye salmon = Oncorhynchus nerka; statistics; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary

Surface water supply of Oregon: 1878-1910 - Henshaw, Fred F.; Dean, Henry Jennings; Oregon. State Engineer, (Geological Survey Water-Supply Paper, 1915)
includes fold-out map of Oregon showing principal rivers. Relatively few coastal streams were included. Data given for the Siletz and much of the Umpqua Basin spans 1905-1910.
Keywords: Brockway (Or.); climate; Columbia River; Elkton (Or.); geography; hydrography; hydrology; Klamath River; Mill Creek; North Umpqua River; Oakcreek (Or.); precipitation; Rogue River; Siletz (Or.); Siletz River; South Umpqua River; streamflow; Umpqua River; Winchester (Or.)

Journal Kept by David Douglas during His Travels in North America, 1823-1827: Together with a Particular Description of Thirty-Three Species of American Oaks and Eighteen Species of Pinus, with Appendices Containing a List of the Plants Introduced. . . - Douglas, David (W. Wesley & Son, 1914)
In October, 1826, David Douglas traveled close to present-day Roseburg to collect sugar pine cones. It is interesting to note that he found condors “plentiful” on the Umpqua River. The full title is: Journal Kept by David Douglas during His Travels in North America, 1823-1827: Together with a Particular Description of Thirty-Three Species of American Oaks and Eighteen Species of Pinus, with Appendices Containing a List of the Plants Introduced by Douglas and an Account of His Death in 1834. OSU Libraries have multiple editions of this book.
Keywords: birds; botany; California condor = Gymnogyps californianus; historical; Native Americans; South Umpqua River; Sugar pine = Pinus lambertiana; terrestrial vegetation

Lower Umpqua texts and Notes on the Kusan dialects - Leo Joachim Frachtenberg (Columbia University contributions to anthropology, 1914)
Study of surviving members of the Lower Umpqua people in the early 20th century. Includes phonetic transcription of spoken language. Elder Louisa Smith reminisced about getting flounders brought by canoe from the Umpqua estuary to her home on the Smith River (p.101)
Keywords: anthropology; ethnography; history; Native Americans; Smith River; Starry flounder = Platichthys stellatus; Umpqua Indians; Umpqua River

Surface water supply of the United States, 1912. Part XII, North Pacific coast drainage basins. C, Lower Columbia River and Rogue, Umpqua, and Siletz rivers / Prepared in cooperation with the States of Oregon and Washington - Grover, Nathan Clifford; Henshaw, Fred Forbes; U.S. Geological Survey, (Geological Survey water-supply paper, 1914)
The 1913 and 1916 reports are in Google Books. Gives gauge heights, daily and peak discharges.
Keywords: hydrology; North Umpqua River; Umpqua River

Umpqua River - Van Winkle, Walton (Water-supply paper / Department of the Interior, United States Geological Survey, 1914)
Gives an overview of the Umpqua River Basin in the early 20th century. Water quality, chemistry and streamflow were analyzed in 1911/1912 and a chart showing measurements is included. “The water changes in quality very little from season to season, for the forests prevent rapid and excessive erosion following heavy rains and keep the run-off distributed to some extent… Human or animal pollution is slight…” (p.48)
Keywords: calcium; carbonates; chemical; chlorine; Elkton (Or.); hydrography; iron; magnesium; nitrate; potassium; silica; Smiths Ferry; sodium; sulphate; turbidity; Umpqua River; water quality

Water resources of the state of Oregon: summary of available information ... - Oregon. State Engineer,; U.S. Geological Survey, (Bulletin / Oregon State Engineer, 1914)
Keywords: hydrography; hydrology; Umpqua River Basin; water use

The fish and game laws of Oregon - Cranston, C. K. (Transactions of the American Fisheries Society, 1913)
Describes development of fisheries regulations in Oregon. Discusses early hatcheries and gives statistics for eggs and fry distributed to various basins. In Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch. steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Coquille River; environmental law and policy; historical; Siuslaw River; South Coos River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Annual Report of the Oregon Master Fish Warden - Clanton, R. E. (Pacific Fisherman, 1911)
Covers 1910. "Umpqua Hatchery . . . On account of not being properly equipped at this new location to properly care for the fry which would hatch from the 6,699,700 chinook eggs taken from this station during the past season, it was deemed a better policy to transfer four million of same to some of our other hatcheries where the crews were less successful in getting sufficient eggs to fill the capacity of their respective stations, and it was therefore, decided to ship 452,000 to the Siuslaw, 450,000 to the Alsea, 500,000 to the Yaquina and 2,520,000 to the Bonneville Central Hatchery." (p.36)
Keywords: Alsea Rvier; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Siuslaw River; statistics; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Oregon and Washington coast pack - 1910 - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1911)
Statistical table. 1910 was a good year for the salmon industry. Canneries ran at Astoria, Nehalem, Bay City, Yaquina Bay, Florence, Gardiner, Prosper, Empire and Wedderburn. Florence had two canneries.
Keywords: canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries - salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; Nehalem River; Rogue River; Siuslaw River; statistics; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina Bay

South Umpqua River Near Winston, Oregon [archival photograph] - Williams, Gerald W. (Gerald W. Williams Collection, 1911)
Conde McCullough designed unforgettable concrete bridges on the Oregon coast. He also worked in metal, as this steel arch bridge over the South Umpqua River shows. Postcard made from archival photograph.
Keywords: bridges; South Umpqua River; Winston Bridge

Umpqua River, Oreg. Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter from the chief of engineers, report on preliminary examination of Umpqua River, Oreg., from Scottsburg to Roseburg, Oreg. - U.S. House of Representatives, (House Document, 1911)
The people of the region were interested in getting a channel from Scottsburg to Roseburg, enabling more shipping. If a full channel would be too expensive, they hoped to get a shallow channel that could be used in higher water. Again, the conclusion was that any such navigational improvement would be too expensive. In Google Books.
Keywords: Elkton (Or.); navigation; physical modification; ports. Roseburg (Or.); Scottsburg (Or.); shipping; Umpqua River.

Annual report of the Oregon Master Fish Warden - McAllister, H. C. (Pacific Fisherman, 1910)
Covers 1909. "Freshets on nearly all the small streams this year prevented our securing any considerable amount of spawn. The high waters came at a time when we were right in the midst of our egg taking, washing away in several instances, our racks and traps, entailing the loss of our fish and damaging, to a great extent, our hatchery property. This was true on the Siuslaw, Yaquina, Coquille and Coos Rivers, where our egg take has been comparatively small. Temporary repairs, as far as possible, have been made at each of the stations but without any prospects of relieving the conditions…" Gives statistics for salmon eggs taken and notes work on hatchery facilities.
Keywords: Alsea River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Nehalem River; Rogue River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Oregon and Washington coast [canned salmon] pack - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1910)
Table with statistics.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Nehalem River; Rogue River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Report of the Oregon Fish Warden for August, 1910. District no.2 - McAllister, H. C. (Pacific Fisherman, 1910)
Updates the status of Oregon coastal hatcheries, including repairs required due to earlier bad weather.
Keywords: Alsea River; Coos River; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Trask River; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Roseburg Dam and Bridge [archival photograph] - Williams, Gerald W. (Gerald W. Williams Collection, 1910)
Shows Winchester Dam.
Keywords: dams; North Umpqua River; Roseburg (Or.)

The salmon fisheries of the Pacific Coast - Cobb, John N. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1910)
The annual report in which this article is published covers July 1, 1909 to June 30, 1910. This is an excellent source of statistics. Gives pounds and value by waterway for 1909. Gives canned salmon pack by waterway from 1878-1910.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; hatcheries; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Sixes River; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Stage (Horse Drawn) at Dock for Scottsburg OR on Umpqua River Meeting Stern Wheeler ""Eva"" - Cronk, C. P. (Corydon Patten) (1910)
The Umpqua region enjoyed steamship transportation from 1862 forward. This photograph features the steamer Eva, which served the region in the early 1900s. The inscription on the postcard made from this photograph reads, "Drain Stage meeting STR [steamer] Eva on Umpqua River at Scottaburg, Ore."
Keywords: Umpqua River, Drain (Or.), historical, photograph, transportation,

Steamer on Umpqua River, Paddle Wheel at Stern [photograph] - Cronk, C. P. (Corydon Patten) (1910)
Steamship transportation began on the Umpqua in 1862 with the steamer Raftsman. This photograph is of the steamer Eva, which served the Umpqua region in the early 1900s. Oregon Digital identification no.: 2003-074.
Keywords: Umpqua River, historical, photograph, transportation,

Governor Benson, Onhunt, Marooned. High Water Hems Him in at Gardiner - Anonymous (The Morning Oregonian, 1909)
Published Nov.28, 1909In November 18-24, 1909 some parts of the coast received 10-20 inches of rain, and valleys further inland got 4-6 inches. The resulting flooding stranded the Governor of Oregon in Gardiner. "It is gathered from the telegram that the floods have carried out several small wagon bridges between Scottsburg and Drain, the nearest point where the Governor can reach the railroad, and that he and party will have to remain at Gardiner until the water lowers so the streams can be forded or until the missing bridges can be replaced."
Keywords: climate; coastal hazards; flooding; hydrology; precipitation; Umpqua River; Umpqua River Basin

Report of Oregon Master Fish Warden -- 1908. District no.2. Coast streams - McAllister, H. C. (Pacific Fisherman, 1909)
"The conditions on [coastal] ... streams this year were anything but favorable. Owing to the excessive dry weather and continued drought, the streams were all at a very low stage during the greater part of the fishing season; in fact, lower than for years past. This, in a measure, prevented the salmon from coming in, and in consequence the industry suffered, as did our hatchery work,.. While the total pack this year is practically the same as in 1907, it shows a falling off of 50 per cent on Chinooks. …We now have permanent hatcheries on the following streams: South Coos, Siuslaw, Yaquina, Umpqua and Trask. It is my desire to locate also on the Coquille, Alsea, Nehalem, Siletz and Nestucca." Statistics show fry liberated from hatcheries.
Keywords: Alsea River; climate; commercial fisheries - salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; hydrography; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; precipitation; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; streamflow; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Umpqua River bar, Oregon. Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with a letter from the acting chief of engineers, report on preliminary examination of Umpqua River bar, Oregon. - U.S. House of Representatives, (House Document, 1909)
In the summer of 1909, a Federal engineer took another look at the Umqua River Bar, to see if the physical and economic situation justified improving the channel between Gardiner and the river's mouth. Again, the recommendation was that the very expensive project was not justified. In Google Books.
Keywords: Gardiner (Or.); harbor; jetties; navigation; physical modifications; shipping; Umpqua River

Coast districts [Oct. 1908] - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1908)
General business news. Lists salmon canneries operating on the coast, comments on “the short run of salmon this year” on the Siuslaw, thought to be caused by “the large number of spotted or hairless seals at the mouth of the river… The sand banks are simply alive with them and subscriptions are being taken up to get ammunition to set men to kill them off.” There is also an interesting news note about a die-off of herring during their run in Yaquina Bay. “…thousands of herring were strewn on the beach of the Pacific Ocean near Yaquina Bay … This year heavy sudden rains fell when the herring were going upstream and so much fresh water overwhelmed the fish.”
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coquille River; economics; Harbor seal = Phoca vitulina; industrial development; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Pacific herring = Clupea pallasi; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

The fishes of the coastal streams of Oregon and Northern California - Snyder, John Otterbein (Bulletin of the Bureau of Fisheries, 1908)
Bureau of Fisheries Document no. 638. Includes illustrations of new species.Uses older species names. To find current names, consult the World Register of Marine Species or the Freshwater Biodiversity Data Portal.
Keywords: Alsea River; Calapooya Creek; Coos River; Coquille River; Cow Creek; Deer Creek; Elk Creek; fishes; geographic distribution; Little Elk Creek; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; new species description; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siltcoos Creek; Siuslaw River; Sixes River; South Umpqua River; species list; Tahkenitch Creek; taxonomy; Tillamook River; Trask River; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Hatchery operations, coast streams - Van Dusen, J. R. (Pacific Fisherman, 1908)
From the Oregon Fish Warden's annual report for 1907. "The hatchery work on the streams of the state flowing into the Pacific Ocean, south of the Columbia River, was, without doubt, interfered with considerably this season by the extreme dry spell of weather that we had throughout the entire fall months, thereby causing the streams to all run so low that the chinooks were kept back from ascending the streams to spawn, and when the rains did come – late in the season – they caused such severe freshets that our temporary racks broke, thereby permitting the salmon to all pass by the hatcheries, and where we had permanent racks the greater number of the salmon passed over and went on to the extreme sources of the streams, where they, of course, spawned naturally. Notwithstanding these adverse conditions, the result of the season’s work shows very well at all of the stations, excepting on the Coquille, where they lost their entire supply of silverside salmon, just as they were ready to spawn. …" Gives the take of spawn for the Yaquina, Siuslaw and Umpqua hatcheries.
Keywords: Yaquina River, Siuslaw River, Umpqua River, Coquille river, hatcheries, hatchery salmonids, Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch, Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

Oregon Fish Warden report - Van Dusen, J. R. (Pacific Fisherman, 1908)
From the Oregon Fish Warden's annual report for 1907. Reports on fish runs and hatchery operations for coastal streams. "The hatchery work on the streams of the state flowing into the Pacific Ocean, south of the Columbia River, was, without doubt, interfered with considerably this season by the extreme dry spell of weather that we had throughout the entire fall months, thereby causing the streams to all run so low that the chinooks were kept back from ascending the streams to spawn, and when the rains did come – late in the season – they caused such severe freshets that our temporary racks broke, thereby permitting the salmon to all pass by the hatcheries, and where we had permanent racks the greater number of the salmon passed over and went on to the extreme sources of the streams, where they, of course, spawned naturally. "
Keywords: Alsea River; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries - salmonChinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coos Bay; Coquille River; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; statistics; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Oregon and Washington coast pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1907)
Gives 1906 canned salmon pack for canneries on the Siletz, Yaquina, Alsea, Siuslaw and Umpqua Rivers.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries - salmon; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; statistics; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Oregon Warden's report - Van Dusen, J. R. (Pacific Fisherman, 1907)
This report from the Oregon Master Fish Warden includes information on releases of fish from the Umpqua, Tillamook, Siuslaw, Coos and Coquille hatcheries.
Keywords: Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Coos River; Coquille River; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River

List of salmon canneries to operate during 1906. Oregon coast canneries - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1906)
Lists cannery owners, towns where companies’ headquarters are located, and locations of canneries.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries - salmon; Coquille River; economics; industrial development; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Oregon coast pack - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman Yearbook, 1906)
Gives statistics for the salmon pack for the Oregon coast for 1905.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coquille River; economics; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; statistics; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina River

The commercial fisheries of the Pacific Coast states in 1904 - Wilcox, William A. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1905)
The annual report in which this article is published covers July 1, 1904 to June 30, 1905. Gives fisheries statistics by counties and brief summaries of the state of the fisheries in 1904. In Google Books.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila); Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Sixes River; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Hatchery statistics, salmon pack statistics - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1905)
Hatchery statistics for Oregon on p.75; salmon pack statistics for 1904 on p.79.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; commercial fisheries - salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; economics; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; industrial development; Nehalem River; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

The season's hatchery operations - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1905)
Gives statistics for hatcheries showing eggs taken and fry planted for the Yaquina, Siuslaw and Umpqua Rivers.
Keywords: hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Siuslaw River; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

The canned salmon industry: a history of the industry on the Pacific coast - Anonymoous (Pacific Fisherman, 1904)
This article gives an overview of the canned salmon industry from its beginnings on the Sacramento River in 1864 up through 1903. The entire Pacific Coast is covered. Oregon’s major salmon canning streams are briefly mentioned. Bw photographs. The issue also includes an article by David Starr Jordan on the salmon of the Pacific.
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; economics; general; industrial development; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Rogue River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Coast canneries operating - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1904)
"Ten canneries will be in operation on the Oregon coast during the present fall season. They are the plants of S. Elmore & Co., at Nehalem, Tillamook, Alsea, Siletz and Umpqua; Hurd’s at Siuslaw; Smith’s at Coos Bay; Timmons’ and Prospers’ canneries at Coquille, and Barnes’ canners at Yaquina."
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries - salmon; economics; Nehalem River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River

Umpqua hatchery - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1904)
The superintendent of the Umpqua fish hatchery expected to have funding to make significant improvements. "Fish warden Van Dusen will recommend the legislature for an appropriation of $4000 for a dam to be erected to retain the fish in lieu of the racks that are used at the present time. At present, there is only a bunk house and the racks at the location but there is sufficient appropriation on hand for the erection of a hatchery building and a house for the superintendent." (p.8) Brief news article. Available online from the University of Washington's Digital Collections site for Pacific Fisherman 1903-1911.
Keywords: dams; hatcheries; hatchery salmonids; Umpqua River

Preliminary examination of Umpqua River, Oregon - U.S. House of Representatives, (House Document, 1903)
At the beginning of the 20th century, the town of Gardiner, 8 miles from the mouth of the Umpqua River, was the industrial hub of the area, boasting a sawmill and a creamery. This document examines a request to deepen the river from the mouth to Gardiner, enabling better shipping. The cost of a jetty, wharf, etc. was judged to be too high. The report gives a good description of the area, shipping statistics, and a list of vessels engaged in commerce.
Keywords: commerce; Gardiner (Or.); jetties; navigation; physical modifications; ports; shipping; Umpqua River

Salmon reviews. Columbia River - Anonymous (Pacific Fisherman, 1903)
“Very little preparation is being made for salmon canning on the Oregon coast streams during the present fall season, because the price of that character of fish is low and considerable stock is held over. The canneries that will be operated are as follows: Coquille, Umpqua, Siuslaw, Alsea and Tillamook. The canneries that will not be in operation are at Nehalem, Nestucca, Yaquina, Siletz and Coos Bay.”
Keywords: Alsea River; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; economics; Nehalem River; Nestucca River; Siletz River; Siuslaw River; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; Yaquina River

Annotated list of the birds of Oregon - A. R. (Arthur Ray) Woodcock; Oregon State University. Agricultural Experiment Station, (Bulletin / Oregon Agricultural Experiment Station, 1902)
A classic early list of Oregon birds, this publication suffers from its over-emphasis on the Willamette Valley. Outside contributors, rather than the author, supply most observations from the rest of the state. Entries for Tillamook bays are lumped together as "Tillamook County." Nevertheless, it is interesting and a bit sad to read a local note that around 1902 there were 10 pairs of bald eagles on the Yaquina River, "but their increase is most effectually stopped by the constant killing of young birds by local sportsmen." (p.34) /author:
Keywords: abundance; Alsea Bay; birds; Elkton; spatial distribution; temporal distribution; Umpqua River; Yaquina Bay

Notes on the fisheries of the Pacific Coast in 1899 - Wilcox, William A. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1901)
The annual report in which this article is published covers July 1, 1900 to June 30, 1901. Gives fisheries statistics and brief summaries of the state of the fisheries in 1899.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila); Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Sixes River; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Improvement of Umpqua River, Oregon (Annual Reports, War Department., 1898)
This report describes work done to remove stone from the sandstone ledges below Scottsburg. “Although the sum available for prosecuting the work did not permit of obtaining the low-water depth of 4 feet at all points, it is believed that the channel as improved meets the present requirements of the one small steamer of about 20 inches draft, which makes daily trips between Scottsburg and the mouth of the river.” (p.2968). The document includes brief notes on freight, passenger travel and coastal shipping.
Keywords: Port Orford, Coquille River, Coos Bay, Umpqua River, Siuslaw River, Alsea River, Yaquina River, Nestucca River, Tillamook Bay, Columbia River, Scottsburg (Or.), navigation, ports, harbors, physical modification

Examination of Umpqua River, Oreg. - U.S. House of Representatives, (1897)
House Document
Keywords: navigation; Umpqua River

Improvement of Umpqua River, Oregon - Fisk, W. L.; United States. Army. Corps of Engineers, (Annual Report of the Chief of Engineers to the Secretary of War for the Year ..., 1897)
Issued in the Annual Reports of the War Department. Pagination is that of the War Dept. report. In 1885, a plan was adopted to have a channel in the Umpqua River of at least 50 feet in depth, and extending for 26 miles. The work was done by the time of this report, with the exception of the removal of some rock ledges near Scottsburg. “Just below Scottsburg, the head of navigation, the Umpqua River is obstructed by five sandstone bars or ledges, separated by pools of about 150 feet. “ (p.3379) 500 cubic yards of rock still had to be removed. This report summarizes finances for the project and gives brief reports on river traffic and commerce.
Keywords: dredging; navigation; physical modifications; Scottsburg (Or.); transportation; Umpqua River

Report on the fisheries of the Pacific Coast in 1895 - Wilcox, William A. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries…, 1896)
The annual report where this article is published as an appendix covers July 1, 1895 to June 30, 1896. Most statistics are for 1895 only. 1893-1895 statistics for Chinook and coho salmon (in cases canned) are given for Lincoln and Douglas counties. The Oregon section concludes with a discussion of killing sea lions around Port Orford.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; California sea lion = Zalophus californianus; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila); Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Sixes River; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Steller sea lion = Eumetopias jubata; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

First and Second Annual Reports of the State Fish and Game Protector of the State of Oregon: 1893-1894 - Oregon. Fish and Game Protector,; McGuire, Hollister D. (State of Oregon, 1894)
Lists canning / packing factories and amounts canned. Gives names of people fined for violating fish and game laws. Interesting account of building a hatchery on Knowles Creek, a tributary of the Siuslaw River, and waiting for Chinook to come in so their eggs could be harvested. "But no fish made their appearance. Investigation showed that the fishermen lower down the stream were violating the law by stretching their nets clear across the river and catching every fish that entered."
Keywords: Alsea Bay; birds; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries - salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; dams; depleted populations; environmental policy and law; general; hatcheries; Knowles Creek; natural resource management; Nehalem River; Pacific smelt = Thaleichthys pacificus; Rogue River; Shad = Alosa sapidissima; Siuslaw River; terrestrial mammals; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River; White sturgeon = Acipenser transmontanus

Preliminary examination of Umpqua River, Oregon. Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting, with letter of the Chief of Engineers, report of a preliminary examination of Umpqua River, Oregon - U.S. House of Representatives, (Executive Document, 1894)
House Executive Document.
Keywords: navigation; Umpqua River

Fifth and Sixth Annual Reports to the Governor, 1891-1892 - Oregon. State Board of Fish Commissioners, (1893)
"Umpqua river. -One cannery in operation; pack, about 12,000 cases; used fresh, 20,000 pounds. There are 50 men engaged in fishing, the cannery taking all the fish except those used fresh. Siuslaw river .-Two canneries were operated this season, packing about 18,000 cases. About 350 barrels will be salted, and 10,000 pounds used fresh. There are 60 men engaged in fishing, some of them going from the Columbia river after the season closed.Alsea bay.-One cannery in operation this season, packing 3,600 cases; there will be about 100 barrels salted. Yaquina river. -No cannery in operation this year. There are 52 men engaged in fishing, including 12 oystermen. Of the salmon caught there will be about 600 barrels salted, and about 125,000 pounds shipped fresh. The oyster fisheries are not improving to any great extent, the amount for the past year being 1,217 sacks, containing two bushels each. The greater portion of these were shipped to San Francisco. On the Siletz, Salmon, and Nestucca rivers no fishing was done except for home consumption. The catch of the streams combined may reach 50,000 pounds." (6th report, 1892, p.33-34) In addition to the Annual Reports, gives the fish laws and game laws of Oregon.
Keywords: Alsea River estuary; Big Elk Creek; catch statistics; Columbia River estuary; commercial fisheries; Coos River estuary; Coquille River estuary; economics; environmental policy and law; general; hatchery salmonids; methodology; natural resource management; Nehalem River estuary; Nestucca River estuary; Siletz Bay; Siuslaw River estuary; Tillamook estuary; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay; Yaquina River

The fisheries of the Pacific Coast - Wilcox, William A. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries, 1893)
Covers July 1, 1892 to June 30, 1893. This document carries forward the introduction to Pacific Coast fisheries begun in the 1889 report, and has many more statistics. Most statistics, unfortunately, are given by county rather than by river or estuary, but statistics for individual rivers are given for featured streams. We can, for example, get statistics for oyster harvests in Yaquina Bay. Statistics cover 1889-1892. Includes Plates 1-14, mostly illustrating representative fish species. Note: many stream names have old-style spelling.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; map; Nehalem River; Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila); Pacific gaper clam = Tresus nuttallii; Rogue River; Sea otter = Enhydra lutris; Siletz Bay; Siuslaw River estuary; Softshell clam = Mya arenaria; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Letter from the Secretary of the Interior transmitting copies of treaties between the United States and certain Indians in Oregon, in response to Senate resolution of September 2, 1893 - U.S. Senate, (Executive Document, 1893)
Includes an 1855 treaty in which Native American representatives, including representatives of the Umpqua people, ceded their rights to all land west of the Coast Range, except for reservation lands, to the U.S. Government.
Keywords: historyical; Native Americans

On the Straits of Juan de Fuca, Puget Sound; and government improvements on the Pacific Coast - DeCourcy, Bolton W. (Transactions of the American Society of Civil Engineers, 1891)
Discusses prospective and current engineering projects at West Coast harbors in the early 1890s. Includes maps of harbor entrances. The natural (unimproved by human activity) entrance to the Umpqua River is offered as an example of sand deposition due to nearshore currents. "In several of the sketches herewith, the northern littoral drift can be easily seen; for instance, the Umpqua River shows it plainly at its mouth..." (p.429)
Keywords: Coos Bay; Coquille River estuary; harbors; jetties; navigation; Nehalem River estuary; physical modification; sediments; Siuslaw River estuary; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Third and Fourth Annual Reports to the Governor, 1889-1890 - Oregon. State Board of Fish Commissioners, (1891)
Covers Dec.1, 1888 - November 30, 1890. 3rd report (1889) p.1-17. 4th report (1890) p.18-57. Both reports cover legal aspects of state fisheries management, financial reporting, hatcheries and fisheries statistics. The 4th report (1890) has a section covering General Fishing Laws of Oregon: Relating to Oysters; Killing Fish with Explosives; and Protection of Red Fish; as well as a section on the Game Laws of Oregon, and a listing of U.S. and Canadian fish commissioners. "We also had complaints from Benton county in regard to parties setting nets and traps across the streams, but being very busy at the time we did not go in person, but wrote to the parties making complaint that there was no law to prevent persons from setting nets or traps across any stream in this State." (p.8)
Keywords: Alsea River estuary; Big Elk Creek; catch statistics; Columbia River estuary; commercial fisheries; Coos River estuary; Coquille River estuary; economics; environmental policy and law; general; hatchery salmonids; methodology; natural resource management; Nehalem River estuary; Nestucca River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Tillamook estuary; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay; Yaquina River

In Southern Oregon: Greatest Flood Known Since the Country Was Settled... - Anonymous (Morning Oregonian, 1890)
Published Feb.6, 1890. "SAN FRANCISCO Feb.5 -- A dispatch from Jacksonville, Or, says A phenomenal rainstorm has prevailed in Southern Oregon since last Friday, which, in connection with the melting of snow in the mountains, has caused the greatest flood known since the country was settled. ... The railroad bridge at Myrtle Creek is washed out. The Canyonville and Riddles wagon road bridges are both gone. The Umpqua river is higher than known since 1861. " The bridge across Deer Creek was washed out, and the woolen mills at Roseburg were "a total wreck." Miles of railroad track were washed away. This was the most serious flooding since 1861, with 15-20 inches of rainfall on the south coast.
Keywords: climate; coastal hazards; erosion; flooding; landslides; precipitation; Umpqua River Basin

Annual Reports of the State Board of Fish Commissioners to the Governor of Oregon: 1888: [Second annual report] (Second eport of the State Board of Fish Commissioners to the Governor of Oregon, 1889)
Reviews fisheries legislation, fishing law enforcement, hatchery program progress, dangers to salmon. Complains about seals, sea lion and bird predation on salmon. Recommends small bounties for scalps of salmon predators. Reviews major fishing streams of the time. Fiscal and statistical reports included.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; Big Elk Cr.; California sea lion = Zalophus californianus. catch statistics; commercial fisheries; Coos Bay; Coquille Bay; Harbor seal = Phoca vitulina; hatchery salmonids; Nehalem Bay; Nestucca Bay; Siuslaw Bay; Steller sea lion = Eumetopias jubata; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Yaquina Bay

Fisheries of Umpquah River Entrance, Oregon. 1889 [cartographic material] - Collins, J.W. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1889)
This map broadly gives fishing areas and cannery locations at the entrance to the Umpqua River at the end of the 1880s. The map is inserted between p. 186 and 187 of the original report.
Keywords: Buller Creek; canneries; commercial fisheries – salmon; Gardiner (Or.); map; Pacific salmonids = Oncorhynchus spp.; Scofield Creek; Softshell clam = Mya arenaria; Umpqua River estuary; Winchester Bay

Report on the fisheries of the Pacific Coast of the United States. - Collins, J. W. (Report of the Commissioner for ... / United States Commission of Fish and Fisheries., 1889)
Covers July 1, 1888 to June 30, 1889. This document offers a glimpse of the beginnings of the fishing industry on the Oregon Coast. Describes each major river and estuary, locations with greatest fishing activity, major fisheries, species harvested, fishing seasons, fishing grounds, equipment used and how products were preserved or distributed. Statistics for 1888 are given. Includes maps of major streams. Note: many stream names have old-style spelling.
Keywords: Alsea Bay; canneries; Chetco River; Chinook salmon = Oncorhynchus tshawytscha; chum salmon = Oncorhynchus keta; Coho salmon = Oncorhynchus kisutch; Columbia River; commercial fisheries – salmon; Coos Bay; Coquille River; cutthroat trout = Oncorhynchus clarki; Elk River; map; Necanicum River; Nehalem River; Nestucca Bay; Olympia oyster=Ostrea lurida (Ostrea conchaphila); Pacific gaper clam = Tresus nuttallii; Rogue River; Siletz River estuary; Siuslaw River estuary; Softshell clam = Mya arenaria; statistics; steelhead trout = Oncorhynchus mykiss; Tillamook Bay; Umpqua River estuary; Winchuck River; Yaquina Bay

Survey of Umpqua River, Oregon - U.S. House of Representatives, (51st Congress, first session, House Executive Document no.199, 1889)
House Executive Document. Recommends improving navigation through the "removal of rock bowlders and ledges in the wharf basin at Scottsburgh, and below this basin, with the view of obtaining a channel-way 50 feet in width and 4 feet depth at low water, at an estimated cost of $9,000." Scottsburgh and Gardiner are "the only towns on the river" at the time. Gives figures for shipping. This is available in Google Books.
Keywords: Brandy Bar; Deane's Creek Bar; Echo Island Bar; navigation; physical modification; Umpqua River

Annual report upon the improvement of the mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon and Washington Territory; of the entrances to Coos and Yaquina Bays; of mouth of Coquille River and of Umpqua River, Oregon, and of certain rivers emptying into Puget Sound... - U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District (U.S. G.P.O., 1886)
Appendix RR of the Annual report of the Chief of Engineers for 1886
Keywords: harbor; jetties; navigation; physical modification; Umpqua River

Letter from the Secretary of War, transmitting reports of Maj. G.L. Gillespie, Corps of Engineers, of surveys of Cowlitz River, Washington Territory, and Umpqua River and Alsea harbor and bar, Oregon; also survey of bar at mouth of Columbia River - U.S. Senate, (Senate Executive Document, 1879)
"Gardiner City, a small town of 300 inhabitants, 8 miles from the sea, is the head of navigation for sea-going vessels, and Scottsburg, 17 miles higher up, is the head of navigation for river boats. Between these two towns there are no roads or trails, and the people are dependent upon the river for their communication. The commerce of the river is carried in two small river boats, which draw not to exceed 3 feet. Except over the bars at Brandy Island, Echo Island and mouth of Dean Creek, there is plenty of water at low stage to meet all the necessities of the commerce of the river." (from letter by G.L. Gillespie, Major of Engineers) In Google Books. 46th Congress, 2nd session, Senate Exec.Doc. no.34.
Keywords: Gardiner; navigation; physical modification; Scottsburg; Umpqua River

Valuable Property at Assignee's Sale [advertisement] - Anonymous (Daily Oregonian, 1878)
Advertisement for the sale of the "Woodhaven" salmon cannery "opposite Gardiner on the Umpqua river," along with a cannery on the Siuslaw, "formerly belonging to Emerson, Corville, & Co." Complete inventory offered as well.
Keywords: canneries; Umpqua River

Letter of the Secretary of War, communicating, in compliance with the resolution of the Senate of the 5th of December, 1870, information relative to the probable cost of the improvement of the Umpqua and Willamette Rivers, in the State of Oregon - U.S. Senate, (Senate Executive Document, 1870)
Senate Executive Document. Estimate of the cost to make the Umpqua navigable from Scottsburg to Roseburg is given as "about $22,500." Includes report of survey of 1870. A "small stern-wheel steamboat ... had, during this year ... ascended the river from Scottsburg, 25 miles from its mouth, to Roseburg, a distance by the river of about one hundred and twenty miles; but that the river had such a rapid current, and so many obstructions, that the boat had to be hauled through the rapids by lines, and was six days in getting to Roseburg." Lists and describes rapids on the river. Report also includes study of possible improvements on the Willamette River. Available in Google Books.
Keywords: Crow's Rapid; Delaney's Rapid; Hart's Rapid; historical; Mill's Rapid; navigation; Sawyer's Bend; Umpqua River

Umpqua River. Memorial of the Legislative Assembly of the State of Oregon, Praying for An appropriation for the removal of obstructions to navigation of the Umpqua River - U.S. House of Representatives, (House Miscellaneous Documents, 1870)
House Miscellaneous Document 41st Congress, 3rd session, no.21. . In this memorial, the Oregon Legislature urged the U.S. House and Senate to clear the Umpqua River from Scottsburg to Roseburg of hazards to navigation "in order that it be made navigable for steamboats." They point out "that in the month of March, A.D. 1870, the steamboat Swan, though inferior to the requirements of the trade, made a successful trip from Gardner City to Roseburg" and "that a company of citizens of Douglas County have since built and equipped a light-draught steamboat, 114 horse-power, for the navigation of said river..." Available in Google Books.
Keywords: navigation; Oregon; physical modification; Roseburg; Scottsburg; Umpqua River

From Umpqua - Anonymous (Weekly Oregonian, 1862)
Published Jan. 11, 1862. Report from Fort Umpqua dated Dec.12-14, 1861 on the Umpqua Valley's version of the Great Flood of 1861. "We have had the greatest freshet in the Umpqua river, ever known.""The water has been ten to fifteen feet higher at Scottsburgh than the freshet of 1853, which was then higher than ever before in the memory of the local Indians.""[I]f floating houses, barns, and produce of every description are an indication, the entire country has been indundated by the element."
Keywords: climate; coastal hazards; flooding; history; precipitation; Umpqua River

Scenes and incidents of Oregon Territory - Leslie, Frank (Frank Leslie’s Illustrated Newspaper, 1858)
Interesting early description of the first (white) settlements on the Umpqua, and the surrounding area. Illustrated with sketches by Captain Albert Lyman. “The character of the country at the mouth of the river is bold, wild and unfriendly in its aspect, and impresses one with a feeling of loneliness. Low sand spits confine the river as it mingles with the ocean to a narrow and well defined channel, and hold the commodious harbor in their embrace. . . At a short distance from the mouth the river swells northward, forming Wood’s and Winchester Bays, both small indentations: the former the usual place of anchorage, and the latter noted for the abundance of fish and shell-fish it furnishes.” (p.332) The Library of Congress has posted online illustrations from this article.
Keywords: Fort Umpqua; history; Native Americans; Umpqua Indians; Umpqua River estuary; Winchester Bay; Wood’s Bay

Preliminary Survey of the Entrance to Umquah River, Oregon [cartographic material] - U.S. Coast Survey, (1854)
"SAILING DIRECTIONS. This River is Accessible in good weather to steamers of light draft but should not be attempted by a sailing vessel without a pilot or full knowledge of the set of the currents &c."
Keywords: map; navigation; Umpqua River

Resolution of legislative assembly of Oregon for increase of mail service between New York, New Orleans, San Francisco, Umpqua Harbor, and Astoria, Oregon Territory - U.S. Senate, (1853)
33rd Congress, 1st session, Misc. Doc. no.33. The Oregon legislature requested increased mail service via the Isthmus of Nicaragua, in addition to Panamanian service, "thus securing semi-monthly mails by both routes." In Google Books.
Keywords: history; Umpqua River

Narrative of the United States Exploring Expedition: During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842 - Wilkes, Charles (Ingram, Cooke, 1852)
“In five volumes, with thirteen maps." Exploration of the Umpqua River took place in 1841. “[The river] is navigable from ocean to the place where the Umpqua and Elk rivers unite, about three miles below the fort, for vessels drawing not more than six feet water. The mouth of the Umpqua offers no harbor for sea-going vessels, and has only nine feet water on its bar. The entrance is very narrow, with low sands on the north and south sides” (v.5, p.226). Illustrated.
Keywords: Elk River; Fort Umpqua; harbors; historical; navigation; Umpqua River

Life on the Plains of the Pacific: Oregon, Its History, Condition and Prospects, Containing a Description of the Geography, Climate and Productions with Personal Adventures among the Indians During a Residence of the Author on the Plains Bordering . . . - Gustavus Hines (G.H. Derby and Co., 1851)
In August, 1840, Gustavus Hines was part of a party of missionaries under Jason Lee exploring the Umpqua region and making contact with Native Americans. Chapter 6 (p.93-119) describes the trip. "Fifteen miles below the fort, the river rushes over a ledge of rocks in a number of narrow channels,and falling about twenty-five feet in so many rods, forms a fine salmon fishery." (p.101) Hines describes a village of about 100 of the Umpqua people at this location subsisting on salmon. Full Title: Life on the Plains of the Pacific: Oregon, Its History, Condition and Prospects, Containing a Description of the Geography, Climate and Productions with Personal Adventures among the Indians During a Residence of the Author on the Plains Bordering the Pacific while Connected with the Oregon Mission: Embracing Extended Notes of a Voyage around the World.
Keywords: history; salmon; Umpqua Indians; Umpqua River

Capt. Albert Lyman's Journal: Trip of the 'Samuel Roberts' to the Umpqua 1850; Settling on the Umpqua 1851 - Lyman, Albert (Nathan Scholfield Papers, 1850)
Cited in Beckham, Land of the Umpqua, p.89. Available on microfilm at the Douglas County Museum
Keywords: history; Umpqua River

Journal of travels over the Rocky Mountains - Palmer, Joel (1847)
1847 ed. is available online through Summi. OSU has 1983 reprint. 1983 reprint available online through Google Books.
Keywords: general ecosystem description; history; Umpqua River; Umpqua River Basin