@article {26991,
	title = {Estimating vertebrate, benthic macroinvertebrate, and diatom taxa richness in raftable Pacific Northwest rivers for bioassessment purposes},
	journal = {Environmental Monitoring and Assessment},
	volume = {184},
	number = {5},
	year = {2012},
	note = {In order to assess the biological diversity (richness of taxa) in Western rivers, the authors sampled multiple, randomly selected sites for each river.. They looked at aquatic vertebrates, aquatic macroinvertebrates and diatoms to determine the number of different species per site the average richness of species per river, and the range of numbers of species per river. The authors attempt to answer the question of how many sites should be sampled in order to properly estimate the biological richness of a large river, and along the way give a snapshot of the current state of the Umpqua and other rivers.},
	month = {2012, May},
	pages = {p.3185{\textendash}3198},
	keywords = {aquatic invertebrates, Chehalis River, chloride, diatoms, ecosystem health, ecosystem modeling, fishes, geology, John Day River, Malheur River, nitrogen, Okanogan River, sediments, Sprague River, sulfate, Umpqua River, water quality, water temperature, Willamette River},
	doi = {10.1007/s10661-011-2181-9},
	author = {Hughes , Robert M. and Herlihy, Alan T. and Gerth, William J. and Pan, Yangdong}
}
@article {27001,
	title = {Non-wadeable river bioassessment: spatial variation of benthic diatom assemblages in Pacific Northwest rivers, USA},
	journal = {Hydrobiologia},
	volume = {684},
	number = {1},
	year = {2012},
	note = {Most bioassessment is confined to small, wadable streams. This article discusses the importance of assessing larger streams, and assessment methods focusing on benthic diatom assemblages. Lowland streams are contrasted with mountanous streams, and differences between rivers east and west of the Cascade Mountains are noted. The Umpqua River had more mountainous characteristics, and had similarities to east-side streams. The authors note that, while high nutrient concentrations were found in the mainstem Umpqua River, they were diluted after the North Umpqua River joined the mainstem.},
	pages = {p.241-260},
	keywords = {Achnanthidium minutissimum, diatoms, ecosystem health, Epithemia sorex Kutzing, nitrogen, North Umpqua River, phosphorus, sediments, species list, sulfate, Umpqua River},
	doi = {10.1007/s10750-011-0990-z},
	author = {Pan, Yangdong and Hughes , Robert M. and Herlihy, Alan T. and Kaufmann, Philip R.}
}
@article {26986,
	title = {Patterns in catch per unit effort of native prey fish and alien piscivorous fish in 7 Pacific Northwest USA Rivers},
	journal = {Fisheries},
	volume = {37},
	number = {5},
	year = {2012},
	note = {How badly are introduced sportfish hurting native species?  The authors suggest that earlier studies may have underreported the problem.  "We conclude that alien piscivores are associated with substantial alterations in the fish assemblages of two rivers (John Day, Okanogan) and major portions of one other (Umpqua)." (p.209)},
	month = {2012, May},
	pages = {201-211},
	keywords = {Chehalis River, depleted populations, endangered species, feeding behavior, fishes, introduced species, John Day River, Malheur River, Okanogan River, predation, Smallmouth Bass = Micropterus dolomieu, Sprague River, Umpqua chub =  Oregonichthys kalawatseti, Umpqua River, Willamette River},
	doi = {10.1080/03632415.2012.676833},
	author = {Hughes , Robert M. and Herlihy, Alan T.}
}
